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Anaemia - Medical Negligence Compensation
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Anaemia is a lack of the proper number of red blood cells in the body. Red blood cells carry oxygen to the tissues and with a little amount of red blood cells, you can feel really tired and sometimes short of breath. Anaemia can be severe or very mild and the symptoms you get depend on the severity of the disease. There are multiple causes of anaemia but the end result is the same symptoms.
The major signs and symptoms of anaemia include being extremely tired, having pale skin, being short of breath, having a fast heart rate, being dizzy, having chest pain, having problems thinking, having a chronic headache or having cold hands and feet. Mild anaemia can have few or no symptoms. In such cases, they might find out from a random blood test or when they go to give blood and are rejected due to anaemia.
There are three types of cells in the bloodstream. These include red blood cells or erythrocytes. They carry oxygen to the tissues from the lungs. Platelets are cells that help the blood clot in cases of laceration or internal bleeding. White blood cells are cells that fight infection in the bloodstream. Red blood cells contain haemoglobin, which is a protein that carries the oxygen and makes red blood cells red. They are produced in the bone marrow and sent out to the peripheral blood system to do their job.
There are multiple causes of anaemia. The most common form of anaemia is iron deficiency anemia, in which there is a lack of iron in the diet so that no red blood cells can be made. Iron deficiency anemia affects up to 2 percent of the American populace. Haemoglobin contains the iron in the red blood cell and without haemoglobin, there can be no effective red blood cell. Cells that are made are very pale.
In B12 deficiency, there is a lack of B12 necessary to make red blood cells. Folate deficiency can also lead to vitamin B anemia. It can come out of a lack of ability to absorb B12 in your gastrointestinal system.
Anaemia of chronic disease happens when you are ill with something like cancer, rheumatoid disease, chronic inflammatory diseases, and HIV disease. These cause kidney failure or kidney dysfunction which turns off the ability to make red blood cells. There is a lack of erythropoietin, which is a signal to make red blood cells.
Aplastic anaemia is a severe type of anaemia that comes from the bone marrow not producing any red blood cells. Other cells produced in the bone marrow are not produced either. It is believed to be an auto-immune disease. It can be life threatening. Other bone marrow conditions, such as leukaemias and lymphomas, can cause the bone marrow to make less of the red blood cells and anaemia occurs.
Hemolytic anemias happen when the red blood cells are destroyed faster than average blood cells. Autoimmune diseases can cause hemolytic anemia as can certain antibiotics and heart valvular problems. There is usually an increased rate of red blood cell production but the loss of cells is faster.
In sickle cell anaemia, this inherited disease causes the cells to change shape to a sickle shape under conditions of low oxygen. It is more common in black people, in those of Mediterranean descent and in those of Arabic descent.
You are at increased risk of developing anaemia if you eat a poor diet, if you have problems absorbing nutrients and vitamins, if you have heavy menstrual bleeding, if you are pregnant or if you have certain chronic medical conditions. Exposure to toxic chemicals can cause certain types of anemias and heredity can predispose you to certain anaemias.
A blood test can show the presence of anaemia as can a slide of the blood under the microscope. In some cases, doctors need to do a bone marrow biopsy in order to determine the cause of the anaemia. Doctors pay attention to the size, color and shape of the blood cells to see which kind of anaemia the patient has.
The treatment of anaemia depends on the type of anaemia present. There can be shots of B12 given or just iron supplements used to correct the dietary problems associated with anaemia. There is no good treatment for anaemia of chronic disease but blood transfusions will temporarily help the problem. Sometimes giving human erythropoietin makes a difference in the making of an adequate number of red blood cells. Hemolytic anaemias are best treated by taking care of the cause of the problem.